Setting Up MongoDB on Linux: A Step-by-Step Guide (Debian)

Step 1: Update System Packages

Before installing MongoDB, ensure your system packages are up-to-date.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Step 2: Import the MongoDB Public Key

MongoDB provides a public key to verify the packages.

wget -qO - https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Step 3: Create a MongoDB List File

Create a list file for MongoDB in the sources.list.d directory.

echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu focal/mongodb-org/4.4 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.4.list

Step 4: Reload Local Package Database

Reload the local package database to include the MongoDB packages.

sudo apt-get update

Step 5: Install MongoDB Packages

Install the MongoDB packages using the following command.

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

Step 6: Start MongoDB Service

Start the MongoDB service and ensure it runs on system startup.

sudo systemctl start mongod
sudo systemctl enable mongod

Step 7: Verify MongoDB Installation

Check if MongoDB has been installed correctly by checking its status.

sudo systemctl status mongod

Step 8: Access MongoDB Shell

To start using MongoDB, access the MongoDB shell.

mongo

Additional Configuration (Optional)

You may want to configure MongoDB further for security or performance reasons.

1. Configuration File

MongoDB's configuration file is located at /etc/mongod.conf. You can edit this file to change various settings.

sudo nano /etc/mongod.conf

2. Enable Authentication

To enable authentication, add the following lines under security:

security:
  authorization: enabled

Restart MongoDB to apply the changes.

sudo systemctl restart mongod

3. Create Administrative User

Access the MongoDB shell and create an administrative user.

use admin
db.createUser(
  {
    user: "admin",
    pwd: "password",
    roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
  }
)

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully installed and configured MongoDB on your Linux system. You can now start building your applications with MongoDB as your database.